Braun-Blanquet meets EcoVeg: a formation and division level classification of European phytosociological units

Wolfgang Willner; Don Faber-Langendoen

doi:10.3897/VCS/2021/71299

Review and Synthesis

Vegetation Classification and Survey 2: 275-291
https://doi.org/10.3897/VCS/2021/71299 (13 Dec 2021)

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Article title
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Methods
- The concept of Formation and Division in the IVC
- Assessment of placement of EVC classes within IVC formations
- Recognition of IVC divisions for European vegetation
Results
- 1.B.1. Warm Temperate Forest & Woodland
  - Macaronesian Warm Temperate Forest & Tall Scrub
  - Mediterranean Basin Warm Temperate Sclerophyllous Forest & Tall Scrub
- 1.B.2. Cool Temperate Forest & Woodland
  - Western Eurasian Cool Temperate Forest & Tall Scrub
  - Western Eurasian Cool Temperate Forest & Tall Scrub 1 (zonal)
  - Western Eurasian cool Temperate Forest & Tall Scrub 2 (seral scrub)
  - Western Eurasian Cool Temperate Forest & Tall Scrub 3 (azonal dry pine forests)
  - Southern Siberian Cool Temperate Forest
- 1.B.3. Temperate Flooded & Swamp Forest
  - Western Eurasian Rich Flooded & Swamp Forest & Tall Scrub
  - Eurasian Arid Flooded Forest & Tall Scrub
- 1.B.4. Boreal Forest & Woodland
  - Eurasian Boreal & Temperate High Montane Forest & Tall Scrub
- 1.B.5. Boreal Flooded & Swamp Forest
  - Eurasian Boreal Acidic Flooded & Swamp Forest & Tall Scrub
- 2.B.1. Mediterranean Scrub & Grassland
  - Mediterranean Basin Scrub & Grassland
  - Macaronesian Scrub & Grassland
- 2.B.2. Temperate Grassland & Shrubland
  - Azorean Warm Temperate Grassland & Heath
  - European Temperate Grassland & Heath
  - European Temperate Grassland & Heath 1 (natural & semi-natural)
  - European Temperate Grassland & Heath 2 (ruderal & strongly anthropogenic)
- 2.B.3. Boreal Grassland & Shrubland
  - European Boreal & Temperate High Montane Scrub & Herb Vegetation
- 2.B.4. Temperate to Polar Scrub & Herb Coastal Vegetation
  - Euro-Atlantic Coastal Scrub & Herb Vegetation
  - Macaronesian Coastal Scrub & Herb Vegetation
- 2.C.2. Temperate to Polar Bog & Fen
  - Eurasian Bog & Fen
- 2.C.4. Temperate to Polar Freshwater Marsh, Wet Meadow & Shrubland
  - Eurasian Freshwater Marsh, Wet Meadow & Shrubland
- 2.C.5. Salt Marsh
  - Eurasian Interior Wet Saline Marsh
  - European Coastal Salt Marsh
- 3.A.2. Warm Desert & Semi-Desert Scrub & Grassland
  - Mediterranean-Macaronesian Warm Semi-Desert Scrub & Grassland
- 3.B.1. Cool Semi-Desert Scrub & Grassland
  - Eurasian Cool Semi-Desert Scrub & Grassland
- 4.B.1. Temperate & Boreal Alpine Vegetation
  - European Alpine Dwarf-Shrub & Grassland
  - Oromediterranean Alpine & Subalpine Grassland & Scrub
- 4.B.2. Polar Tundra & Barrens
  - Arctic Tundra & Barrens
- 5.A.3. Benthic Vascular Saltwater Vegetation
  - Temperate Atlantic Seagrass Aquatic Vegetation
- 5.B.2. Temperate to Polar Freshwater Aquatic Vegetation
  - Temperate Eurasian Freshwater Aquatic Vegetation
- 6.B.1. Temperate & Boreal Cliff, Scree & Other Rock Vegetation
  - Macaronesian Cliff, Scree & Other Rock Vegetation
  - Western Eurasian Cliff, Scree & Other Rock Vegetation
- 7.B.4. Fallow Field & Weed Vegetation
  - Eurasian Fallow Field & Weed Vegetation [cultural]
- 7.B.5. Herbaceous Wetland Crop
  - Eurasian Fallow Field & Weed Vegetation [cultural, wet]
Discussion
- Evaluation of class concepts
- Evaluation of formation concepts
  - Tall shrubs/scrub and Forest & Woodland
  - Boreal and temperate high montane
  - Boreal and temperate flooded and swamp forests
  - Polar tundra and alpine grasslands
  - Floristically heterogeneous formations
  - Annual weed vegetation
- Scale of plot sampling and formation placement
- A common definition for the macrogroup/class level
- Merits of the division concept for organizing Braun-Blanquet classes
Conclusions
Author contributions
References
Appendix 1
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